![]() A clutch of two dull-white or bluish-white oval eggs measuring 52 x 41 mm is laid. In some rare instances, they have been seen to nest on the ground under trees. They show considerable site fidelity nesting in the same area year after year. The nests are constructed of small branches and sticks with a bowl inside and lined with leaves, and are located in various trees, often mangroves. In southern and eastern Australia, it is August to October, and April to June in the north and west. The breeding season in South Asia is from December to April. Photo: Md shahanshah bappy / CC BY-SA 4.0 / en. flavirostris Condon & Amadon, 1954 – Solomon Islands girrenera (Vieillot, 1822) – New Guinea, Bismarck Archipelago and north Australia ![]() ![]() intermedius Blyth, 1865 – Malay Peninsula, Greater and Lesser Sunda Islands, Sulawesi and the Philippines The brahminy kite is now placed with the whistling kite in the genus Haliastur that was erected by the English naturalist Prideaux John Selby in 1840. Neither Brisson nor Buffon included a scientific name but in 1783 the Dutch naturalist Pieter Boddaert coined the binomial name Falco indus in his catalogue of the Planches Enluminées. It was also illustrated in a hand-coloured plate engraved by François-Nicolas Martinet in the Planches Enluminées D'Histoire Naturelle which was produced under the supervision of Edme-Louis Daubenton to accompany Buffon's text. The brahminy kite was included by the French polymath Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon in his Histoire Naturelle des Oiseaux. He used the French name L'aigle de Pondichery. IUCN Red List (v3.In 1760, French zoologist Mathurin Jacques Brisson described and illustrated the Brahminy kite in the first volume of his Oiseaux based on a specimen collected in Pondicherry, India. Malay: Cenok Birah / Cenok Dada Coklat / Cenok Dada Perang Name: Chestnut-breasted malkoha (male & female) Among the five species of Malkohas found in Peninsular Malaysia, the Chestnut- breasted Malkohas is the only species which do not have white barrings on the underside of its tail (Strange & Jeyarajasingam, 1993). It resides on the middle storey of the forest. It also has bright red orbital skin and a large bill with big green upper mandible and red lower mandible.Ĭhestnut- breasted malkoha is endemic to Sundaland and commonly inhabits the lowland rainforest. Their underparts and ¼ of the remaining tail are chestnut brown (Strange & Jeyarajasingam, 1993). Measuring about 46-50 cm in length (Strange & Jeyarajasingam, 1993), Chestnut-breasted Malkoha ( Phaenicophaeus curvirostris) has a dark glossy green upperpart including ¾ base of its tail. Malay: Burung Kera / Cenok Kera / Cenok Besar / Cenok Paruh Hijau / Sewah Kera Its breeding habitat is Primary forest, second growth, dense thickets, scrub, cultivated areas, rubber plantations across south Asia east from Nepal, India, and Sri Lanka to the Southeast Asia. Adult green-billed malkoha has dark grey with green gloss above, oily green wings. It often has a clear white boarder to the red face patch salty grey on the face and neck. Green-billed malkoha is about 50–60 cm centimetres long and weighs 100–128 g. ![]() These birds are found in dry scrub and thin forests. The birds are waxy bluish black with a long graduated tail with white tips to the tail feathers. The green-billed malkoha is a species of non-parasitic cuckoo found throughout Indian Subcontinent and Southeast Asia. IUCN Red List (v3.1, 2016): Least Concern Raffle’s Malkoha is frequently resides on the forest canopy but will sometimes descend to the middle storey. This species is endemic to Sundaland including Peninsular Malaysia and commonly inhabits the primary and secondary lowland rainforest. Both sexes have bluish orbital skin and green bill. The underparts are light buff with chestnut brown mantle. In contrast the male appearance, the female species have grey crown and nape including the sides of the head, throat and breast. The males have chestnut brown crown, nape and mantle as well as lighter chestnut at the underparts of its body. Commonly known Raffle’s Malkoha or cenok kera in Malay (Jamaludin et al., 2007), this bird is the smallest malkoha among the five species recorded in Peninsular Malaysia with measurement around 33 cm in length (Strange & Jeyarajasingam, 1993).
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